Banking Awareness- IBPS-PO 2018
Topic: Money Market
Money market instruments are those instruments, which have a maturity period of less than one year. Money Markets are regulated by both RBI.
Money Market does not deal in cash; it provides a market for credit instruments such as bills of exchange, promissory notes, Commercial paper, treasury bills, etc. These financial instruments are close substitute of money.
The various instruments traded in the money market are:
Call Money/ Notice Money/ Term Money
Treasury Bills
Certificate of Deposits
Commercial Paper
Regulated By: RBI
Money Market:
· Organized (Banking Market, Sub Market)
· Unorganized (NBFC, Money Lender)
Sub- Market
1. T- Bill
2. Certificate of Deposit
3. Commercial Paper
4. Call Money
Call Money: (Fully Inter Bank Market) Only 1 Day
Notice Money: 2-14 Days
Term Money: 14 Days- 1year
No Security is needed to cover these transactions
Interest Rate is Market Determined
Borrowing Bank – 2% of Capital
Lending Bank – 50 % of Capital
T-Bill – are lowest risk category instrument, RBI on behalf of GoI.
Types:
· 91 days
· 182 days
· 364 days
Issued at discount –Redeem at per face value
Denomination: 25,000/ and multiples of 25,000/
Any individual can buy this.
Certificate of Deposit
Issued by Scheduled Commercial Banks except RRB, Co-operative Bank
Min. Period: 7 Days
Max. Period: 1 year
Denomination: 1 lakh and multiple of lakh
Commercial Paper:
Commercial Paper is issued by corporate
Grade> A1
Net worth >5 crores
Minimum 7 days
Maximum 1 year
Denomination: 5 Lakh and above
HIGHEST RISK
1. Call money
Call money is used by the banks to meet their temporary requirement of cash.
It is repayable on demand and its maturity period varies in between one day to 14 days. The rate of interest paid on call money loan is known as call rate.
Maturity Period:
Call Money –1 day only
Notice Money-2 days to 14 days
Term Money-15 days to 1 Year
2. Treasury Bills (T-Bills)
T-Bills are auctioned by Reserve Bank of India at regular intervals and issued at a discount to face value. So this is considered as the lowest risk instrument.
Any person in India including Individuals, Firms, Companies, Corporate bodies, Trusts and Institutions can purchase Treasury Bills.
Denominations: Rs. 25,000 and in multiples of Rs. 25,000
Maturity Period:
· 91 days
· 182 days
· 364 days
3. Certificate of Deposit
Certificates of Deposit is short-term instrument issued by Scheduled Commercial Banks (excluding Regional Rural Banks and Local Area Banks) and Financial Institutions.
Denominations:
Rs.1 lakh and in multiples of Rs. 1 lakh
CDs can be issued to individuals, corporations, companies (including banks and PDs), trusts, funds, associations, etc.
Maturity Period:
7 days – 1 year
The Financial Institutions can issue CDs for a 1 year -3 years
4. Commercial Paper
Commercial Paper is short term instrument issued by the corporate. It is issued at a discount to face value.
A company would be eligible to issue CP if the net worth of the company is not less than Rs.4 crore. Only corporate who get an investment grade rating can issue CPs, as per RBI rules.
Denominations:
Rs.5 lakh and in multiples of Rs. 5 lakh
Maturity Period:
14 days – 1 year
Individuals, banks, other corporate bodies (registered or incorporated in India) and unincorporated bodies, Non-Resident Indians and Foreign Institutional Investors (FIIs) shall be eligible to invest in CP.
FIIs shall be eligible to invest in CPs subject to (i) such conditions as may be set for them by Securities Exchange Board of India (SEBI) and (ii) compliance with the provisions of the Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999, the Foreign Exchange (Deposit) Regulations, 2000 and the Foreign Exchange Management (Transfer or Issue of Security by a Person Resident Outside India) Regulations, 2000, as amended from time to time.
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